GKE

A VPC native cluster uses three unique subnet ranges to allocate IPs to Nodes, Pods and Services. Primary subnet IP address is used for Nodes. Node IP provides connectivity from control components like kube-proxy and kubelet to the Kubernetes API server. Node IP is the node’s connection to the rest of the cluster. Secondary subnet IP address is used for Pods. Pod IP addresses are natively routable within the cluster’s VPC network and other VPC networks connected to it by VPC Network Peering....

Ingress vs Gateway API Ingress supports the following HTTP host matching HTTP path matching TLS termination Routing to service:port For many different load balancer implementations Gateway adds HTTP header-based matching HTTP header manipulation Weighted traffic splitting Traffic mirroring Role-oriented resource model and has extensibility for Arbitrary backend CRD references (buckets, functions, etc) Routing for other protocols(gRPC) Custom parameters or configuration (LB algos, custom match types, etc) Gateway controller manage the network infrastructure on behalf of Gateway resources....